Fire and Smoke Dampers are required by all building codes to maintain the required fire resistance ratings of walls, partitions, and floor when they are penetrated by air ducts or other ventilation openings. One of the basic requirements of building fire protection as required by all building codes is the compartmentation or dividing up of buildings using fire rating walls, floors, or other partitioning methods. A duct or ventilation opening in any of the fire rated partitions would permit a fire to spread from the compartment of origin to adjoining compartments or spaces. Fire dampers are installed in these duct or ventilation openings.